Alopecia Universalis – Rapid Loss of Hair, Eyebrows and Eyelashes

Alopecia Areata is a medical condition when the person that suffers from it, loses hair. Although it’s benign and it does not live scars, it can cause enormous stress for the patient. It can manifest itself in many different patterns. Types of alopecia areata are: diffuse alopecia, alopecia monolocularis, alopecia areata multilocularis, alopecia barbae, alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis. The last two types are the rarest and the hardest forms of this disease. Alopecia areata totalis is total loss of hair on the scalp and Alopecia Universalis is the loss of hair over the entire scalp and body.

There was a study about a family which was affected with Alopecia Universalis . Three consecutive generations had it. Children with the disease were otherwise healthy, without any inflammatory processes that could inhibit hair growth. Research showed very few hair follicles, they were born without eyebrows or eyelashes, without any hair in general and never developed them.

Research contained analysis of the chromosomes of seven affected members from the family that had this condition in order to detect any genetic similarities that would show that the disease is genetically predetermined. They found a marker at the location 8p12, persistent in all seven family members, but they were not able to determine the exact gene that was at this location.

Researchers conducted experiments with mice, so they can determine if there is genetic similarity in hairless mice with the ones they found in human. The good thing is that they found several examples of alopecia in mice. They identified a cDNA sequence that gave them the coding sequence of the human "hairless" gene. This gene is expressed in the skin and brain in humans and mice. It appears to encode a zinc-finger transcription factor. The results of the research showed that there is mutation in the "hairless" genes of all the affected individuals in the family that was studied.

There are a large number of hair loss products out there that claim to help men deal with hair loss. You should make sure you do some research before you decide which one to use. Herbal shampoos for natural hair care have several advantages over commercial ones: they are easy to procure, inexpensive, and safe since they are natural and have no side effects.

Marbo Alopecia Universalis is effective against alopecia, because it contains herbal ingredients from different medicinal herbs. Active ingredients full of vitamins and mineral salts stimulate local circulation and hair root renewal. Sage and rosemary extracts regulate sebum secretion, prevent scalp greasing and soothe scalp itching and irritation. Using both the lotion and shampoo guarantees clearing all types of dandruff, chronic seborrhoeic dermatitis, scalp redness and itching. Thin and scarce hair becomes stronger, and in many cases, especially in women, thicker. At the same time, Marbo Shampoo 03 is a product for totally natural, mild and hygienic hair wash, which is still used by many of our customers. It is also recommended as preventive measure in treating colored and natural hair.

The First Symptoms of Alopecia Areata

Alopecia Areata is a condition when hair is falling from some parts of the head, making patches, or from other parts of the body like eyebrows, eyelashes, nose hair and generally all over the body where hair grows. It is considered to be a skin disease, because it affects skin of the scalp and is usually diagnosed by dermatologist. There are no medical explanations of how these patches develop and why are selected in the way they are. There is no test that can show if the patches will stay contained in that area or spread to another one. According to studies, over 40% of men between the ages of 18 and 50 have a medium to severe type of baldness. Its occurrence and intensity increase with age. Hair is important for a person especially in terms of social communication. Hair loss is often perceived by the victim as loss of one’s identity, a decrease in one’s attractiveness and an increase of one's vulnerability. The first symptoms of alopecia appear with small children or possibly adolescents, but the illness may break out at any age. Hair loss may affect various parts of the scalp and it may happen that, at the same time when hair falls out at one place, it might start to grow from another. Any hair surface may be affected including eyebrows, eyelashes and the moustache. Sometimes the illness is accompanied by itching, pricking, pain or burning in the afflicted area. Some people with alopecia also have abnormalities on the surface of their nails. People who have alopecia and their family members often experience a variety of feelings and frustrations. It can change the way you see yourself, resulting with social withdrawal, which can create serious consequences. Sadness, depression, embarrassment, hopelessness are just some of the feelings that a person with Alopecia can feel. Luckily, there are supports groups that may help you overcome the difficulties and find new ways to deal with it and even help others with the same problem. In more than ninety percent of all cases of Alopecia areata, if the affected region is small, symptoms disappear on their own without medical intervention. For some reason, certain environmental triggers such as stress cause the occurrence of AA in patients. Remove the stress and the hair may grow back. About half of all people affected will grow their hair back within a year without getting any treatment. However, the condition can reoccur at any time. Reoccurrence is common. Marbo alopecia shampoo is effective, because it contains herbal ingredients from different medicinal herbs. Active ingredients full of vitamins and mineral salts stimulate local circulation and hair root renewal. Sage and rosemary extracts regulate sebum secretion, prevent scalp greasing and soothe scalp itching and irritation. Using both the lotion and shampoo guarantees clearing all types of dandruff, chronic seborrhoeic dermatitis, scalp redness and itching. Thin and scarce hair becomes stronger, and in many cases, especially in women, thicker. At the same time, Marbo Shampoo 03 is a product for totally natural, mild and hygienic hair wash, which is still used by many of our customers. It is also recommended as preventive measure in treating colored and natural hair.

How Dermatologist can Diagnose Alopecia Areta

Alopecia Areata Causes hair loss from areas of the body, usually the scalp. It causes bald spots on the head especially in the first stage. And thus it has the nickname "spot baldness". In 1-2 % of cases the condition is found to be spreading to the entire scalp or epidermis, which is the outermost layer of the skin.

Alopecia areata is thought to be an autoimmune disease where the body produces antibodies ('autoantibodies) against the hair germinal cells and cause their destruction in localized areas. The localization of lesions also point towards a neural pathway involvement. In patients with hair that is going grey, it is common to see that only the black hairs fall off in the patches. Sparing of the grey hairs in alopecia areata indicates that normal nerve supply and melanin pigment is necessary for the alopecia areata to occur.

A dermatologist can usually Diagnose Alopecia Areata through a visual examination. They look for "exclamation point hair" in the areas of the hair loss. Exclamation point hairs are short broken off hairs that stick straight up, and are usually close to the scalp. Sometimes a doctor will do a biopsy and the sample is examined under a microscope. Hair pull tests can also be expected, since it's performed to determine the particular area is actively affected or if further loss of hair shall be expected.

Recent research seems to show that some people have genetic markers that increase both their susceptibility to the condition and to its severity. One in five people with the condition will have a relative who is also affected. This is especially true in those who develop the condition before the age of 30. It is more common in families whose members also have conditions such as asthma, hay fever, eczema, thyroid disease, Addison’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, vitiligo, Addison’s disease or pernicious anaemia.

The following are other known facts about the condition:

- For the first lesion that appears within 24 hour period, patients may experience a sensation of pain in the affected area. - The scalp is usually the area that is affected but Alopecia Areata can also be present in other parts of the body. - 25% of children with Alopecia Areata condition also experience ridging of the nails. - 5% of Alopecia Areata patients are likely to develop a more advances condition such as total loss of hair in the head, Alopecia Totalis. While others develop Alopecia Universalis or the total loss of body hair.

With the proper treatment, a considerable percentage of Alopecia patients have a chance to get their hair back within twelve months or sooner.

Regular use of Marbo Activator stimulates new hair growth on thinning scalp and bald regions, while hair becomes firmer and healthier. It has been helping people all over the world for last twenty years. Marbo Activator is one of the most effective Natural Hair Care products against alopecia areata and hair loss in patches in the world. Marbo has been tested for ten years before we decided to release it for general public and Marbo Activator was one of our first and obviously most effective products.

Ćelavost - Alopecia

Ćelavost - Alopecia
Ćelavost usled postojanja ožiljnog tkiva

Ćelavost usled cikatrizacije se javlja posle fizičke traume ili traume hemikalijama ili posle lichen planopilarisa, teške bakterijske ili gljivične infekcije, jakog herpes zostera, hroničnog diskoidnog lupus eritematosusa, sklerodermije i preteranog jomizirajućeg zračenja. Alopecija usled ožiljka su ireverzibilne i stalne. Ne mogu se lečiti.
Ćelavost koja nije nastala zbog ožiljka
Necikatrizirajuća ćelavost se može klasifikovati na osnovu postojanja alopecije universalis (generalizovani ili nepotpuni gubitak kose), alopecia totalis (potpuni gubitak kose), i alopecia areata (ćelavost u vidu ostrvaca).
Alopecija bez ožiljaka se javlja udružena sa različitim sistemnim oboljenjima kao diseminirani lupus eritematosus, kaheksija, limfomi, nekontrolisani diabetes, naznačena hipofunkcija tireoidne žlezde ili hipofize i dermatomyositis. Lečenje se sastoji u adekvatnoj kontroli osnovne bolesti, u kom slučaju je gubitak kose reverzibilna pojava.
Muška ćelavost je najčešći oblik alopecije i genetski je predodređena. Rane promene se javljaju na prednjoj porciji calvariuma. Često je prisutna i seborea. Prevremeni gubitak kose u mladih muškaraca može se objasniti i teškim neurotskim reakcijama. Ne postoji određen način lečenja, a bolesnika je potrebno upozoriti da ne troši novac kupujući razne losione ili sredstva za masažu.
Difuzna idiopatska alopecija u žena izgleda da je u porastu. Uzrok je nepoznat. Oboljenje nije izraženo dok se ne izgubi 80% kose, a manifestuje se difuznim slabljenjem kose po celoj glavi (naročito iznad kalvariuma). Povećano je izlučivanje testosterona. U ovih žena se razvija neurotska reakcija koja se može uporediti sa kancerofobijom. Mora se kontrolisati i seborea, ukoliko je udružena sa ovim oboljenjem. U lečenju se primenjuju estrogeni, parenteramo i lokalno, kao i male doze kortikosteroida. Izgleda da izvesnu ulogu igra i nedostatak gvožđa.
Uzrok alopecia areata je neposnat a nisu nađene patološke promene na tkivu poglavine. Ostrvca su potpuno glatka, ili pak može da se zadrži nekoliko dlaka. Teški oblici se lece injekcijom triamcinolon acetonid rastvora i to direktno ubrizgavajući rastvor u ostrvca zahvaćena promenom ili se pak primenjuje terapija kortikosteroidima.
Alopecia areata je obično ograničena, sa potpunim obnavljanjem kose, ali neki umereni slučajevi su stalni, kao što je to na primer: slučaj sa totalnim i univerzalnim tipom. Katarakta komplikuje ekstenzivnu alopeciu areatu.U slučaju trihotilomanije ostrvca izgubljene kose su nepravilna, a kosa koja raste je uvek prisutna, sve dok ne postane dovoljno dugačka kako bi se mogla otkinuti.
Transplantacija kose se vrši tako što se skidaju delovi kože sa kosom obično na zadnjem delu glave i presađuju se na prednji deo glave gde je kosa opala. Obično se presađivanje kose vrši kroz par operacija tokom par meseci. Ova procedura je bolna, zahteva vreme, a postoji opasnost od stvaranja ožiljaka.
Za lecenje alopecia areata koriste se i proizvidi na prirodnoj bazi. Jedan od najprodavanijih na trzistu je kolekcija Marbo Kosa. Napravljen od prirodnih sastojaka - biljnih ekstrakata odabranog lekovitog bilja koji stimulišu rast kose. Nežan je za kosu i nema neželjenih posledica čak i nakon višemesečne kontinualne primene. Brzo se apsorbuje i ne ostavlja masan talog.
Dermatološki ispitan Marbo Aktivator najuspešniji prirodni preparat za tretiranje alopecie areate. Aktivator stimuliše mikrocirkulaciju i fitogenski uticaj u cilju revitalizacije folikula na ogoljenim mestima. Dužina trajanja tretmana zavisi od kliničke slike - prosečno trajanje bilo je oko 2 godine za totalne (maligne) slučajeve alopecie areate. Dugi periodi upotrebe aktivatora nisu rezultirali neželjenim efektima. Moze se koristiti i bez recepta.

Uzroci Nastanka i Dijagnoza Alopecia Areata

Uzroci Nastanka i Dijagnoza Alopecia Areata

Patološki proces gubljenja dlake se naziva effluvium ili defluvium, a stanje koje nastaje tim procesom se zove alopecia ili ćelavost. Alopecie su grubo podeljene na ožiljne i neožiljne. Ožiljne alopecie nastaju zbog oštećenja folikula dlake nekim patološkim procesom, u toku raznih bolesti i karakterišu je upala, atrofija i ožiljavanje folikula. Kod neožiljnih alopecia nema ovakvih upala folikula dlake. Kod njih je produžen telogenski stadijum tj. period ispadanja dlake. Neožiljne alopecije se dele na: kongenitalne (urođene), Difuzne, Traumatske, Androgenske i Alopecie areate. Zadnje dve su najčešće i samim tim najinteresantnije.

Alopecia Areata je gubitak kose na pečate. Najčešće je uslovljen nekim stresom. Folikuli dlake su očuvani, nema promena na koži, samo nedostaje dlaka. Pacijenta treba umiriti i reći da će kosa sigurno porasti ali istovremeno rešavati psihički problem koji ima. Nova dlaka koja počinje da raste iz tog alopecičnog areala je najčešće bela- bez pigmenta a kasnije dobija pigment. Uobičajeni dnevni gubitak je od 60 do 100 dlaka. U različitim patološkim stanjima (citostatici, jonizujuće zračenje, rigorozne dijete,o peracije, sistemske bolesti, hipotireoza) i u nekim fiziološkim stanjima (kod novorođenčadi, žene posle porođaja) broj ispalih dlaka se povećava i ako premaši 25% od ukupnog broja dalaka, tada se klinički manifestuje alopecia. U svim ovim slučajevima dolazi do difuznog ispadanja dlaka tj. podjednako na svim delovima kosmatog dela glave.

Alopecia Areata uzroci su još uvek nepoznati, a nisu nađene patološke promene na tkivu poglavine. Ostrvca su potpuno glatka, ili pak može da se zadrži nekoliko dlaka. Teški oblici se lece injekcijom triamcinolon acetonid rastvora i to direktno ubrizgavajući rastvor u ostrvca zahvaćena promenom ili se pak primenjuje terapija kortikosteroidima.

Alopecia Areata dijagnoza se postavlja na osnovu kliničke slike, dermatološkog pregleda, trihograma i histološkog nalaza.
Etiopatogeneza alopecije areate je složena, pa su i mišljenja o značenju različitih etioloških faktora različita. Dok neki autori kao uzrok navode hronične zapaljenske nadražaje, najčešće u predelu zuba, nosa, nazofarinksa ili paranazalnih sinusa, drugi uzrokom smatraju endokrine uticaje. Neki autori kao uzrok navode jake psihičke stresove. U 10-20% slučajeva postoji pozitivna familijarna anamneza. Netačna su nagađanja da je ćelavost posledica dugogodišnjeg nošenja duge kose ili nošenja kapa i šešira.

Tretmani kod gubitka kose postoje da bi stimulisali novi rast dlake i zaustavili proces opadanja.
Lekovi i tretmani koji su odobreni kao su:

1. Minoxidil, odobren za androgenu i areatnu alopecija u lokalnoj primeni. Nekada je potrebno i 12 nedelja da dođe do ponovnog rasta kose.

2. Finasterid ( Propecia), koristi se kod muškog tipa androgene alopecije uzima se u pilulama. Nije odobren za upotrebu kod žena.

3. Kortikosteroidi Injekcije u poglavinu mogu tretirati alopeciju areatu. Ponavlja se mesečno.

4. Anthralin ( Dritho-scalp) Kao krem ili mast, daje se u lečenju psorijaze poglavine, ali i areatne alopecije.

5. Hiruski zahvati
6. Prirodni stimulatori i lekovi ( Marbo Kosa )

Što se tiče preparata treba koristiti samo dermatološki ispitane preparate. Jedan od takvih, a potpuno na prirodnoj bazi je i Marbo Kosa. Dermatološki ispitan najuspešniji prirodni preparat za tretiranje alopecie areate. Nema neželjenih posledica čak i nakon višemesečne kontinualne primene. Brzo se apsorbuje i ne ostavlja masan talog. Marbo Aktivator sačinjen je od: Rosmarinus officinalis, Utrica dioica, Hedera helix, Salvia officialis, Juglans regia, Actum loppa, Allium sativum, Betula alba, Matricaria chamomilla, Salix alba... Aktivni sastojci koprive bogati vitaminima i mineralnim solima potiču lokalnu cirkulaciju i obnovu korena dlake. Može se koristiti kod jačih oblika seboreičnog dermatitisa i perutanja.